来源：沟通翻译公司 更新时间：2013-11-22 09:50
四、加快转变政府职能
IV—Government role
必须切实转变政府职能，建设法治政府和服务型政府。
The government must effectively shift its role by building itself into a service-type government that bases its functions on the law.
14. 健全宏观调控体系。企业投资项目，除关系国家安全和生态安全、涉及全国重大生产力布局、战略性资源开发和重大公共利益等项目外，一律由企业依法依规自主决策，政府不再审批。建立健全防范和化解产能过剩长效机制。完善发展成果考核评价体系，纠正单纯以经济增长速度评定政绩的偏向。编制全国和地方资产负债表，建立全社会房产、信用等基础数据统一平台。
14. Improve macroeconomic regulation and control. Government review and approval procedures will be removed for investors except in areas relating to national security, ecological safety, important arrangements for manufacturing capacity, development of strategic resources and crucial public interests. Establish and improve the long-term mechanism to prevent overcapacity in manufacturing sectors. Form a comprehensive assessment system for officials' performance to rectify the one that overemphasizes GDP growth. Produce charts of assets and debts of central and local governments, and set up integrated credit and real-estate data platforms.
15. 全面正确履行政府职能。进一步简政放权，深化行政审批制度改革，最大限度减少中央政府对微观事务的管理。市场机制能有效调节的经济活动，一律取消审批。推广政府购买服务，引入竞争机制。逐步取消公办事业单位的行政级别，建立各类事业单位统一登记管理制度。
15. Perform government duties comprehensively and correctly. Further deepen the reform of administrative review and approval procedures, and reduce the central government's control over market operations to a minimal level. The government should withdraw from business activities that can be regulated and modulated by market rules. Competition must be introduced and strengthened in the government's purchase of services. Gradually abrogate the administrative rank of publicly funded organizations and set up a registration mechanism for such organizations.
16. 优化政府组织结构。积极稳妥实施大部门制。有条件的地方探索推进省直接管理县（市）体制改革。严格控制财政供养人员总量。
16. Streamline government structure. Actively and steadily carry out reform that merges ministries that have overlapping functions. Encourage some provinces to explore provincial government's direct administration of cities or counties. Strictly control the number and expense of government employees.
五、深化财税体制改革
V—Fiscal and tax system
财税体制是国家治理的重要保障。
The fiscal and taxation system is an important guarantee of State governance.
17. 改进预算管理制度。建立规范合理的中央和地方政府债务管理及风险预警机制。中央出台增支政策形成的地方财力缺口，原则上通过一般性转移支付调节。清理、整合、规范专项转移支付项目。
17. Improve the budgetary system. Establish a standard and reasonable debt-management system for central and local governments and a risk-alert system. In principle, a shortfall in local government should be filled by general transfer payments. Clean, merge and standardize special transfer payments.
18. 完善税收制度。完善地方税体系，逐步提高直接税比重。推进增值税改革，适当简化税率。调整消费税征收范围和税率。把高耗能、高污染产品及部分高档消费品纳入征收消费税范围。加快房地产税立法并适时推进改革，推动环境保护费改税。
18. Improve the taxation system. Perfect the local taxation base by gradually raising the share of direct taxation. Advance value-added tax reform and simplify rate levels, and adjust the scope and rate of the consumption tax. Energy and pollution-intensive products and high-end consumer products will be subject to a consumption tax. Also, accelerate property-tax legislation and related reform at an appropriate time. Change the current environmental-protection fee into an environment tax.
19. 建立事权和支出责任相适应的制度。适度加强中央事权和支出责任。国防、外交、国家安全、关系全国统一市场规则和管理等作为中央事权。保持现有中央和地方财力格局总体稳定。进一步理顺中央和地方收入划分。
19. Establish a system in which the government's administrative authority is commensurate with its spending responsibility. Increase the administrative authority and spending responsibility of the central government. The central government will oversee expenditure for defense, diplomacy, national security and other issues related to national market rule and management. Keep the current fiscal power of central and local governments stable. Close the fiscal revenue divide between central and local government.
六、健全城乡发展一体化体制机制
VI—Urban-rural development
城乡二元结构是制约城乡发展一体化的主要障碍。必须让广大农民平等参与现代化进程。
The existing urban-rural dual structure is a main obstacle to integrated development. Efforts must be made to allow farmers to participate in China's modernization.
20. 加快构建新型农业经营体系。推进家庭经营、集体经营、合作经营、企业经营等共同发展的农业经营方式。依法维护农民土地承包经营权。允许农民以承包经营权入股发展农业产业化经营。鼓励和引导工商资本到农村发展适合企业化经营的现代种养业，向农业输入现代生产要素和经营模式。
20. Accelerate the building of a new agricultural-operation system based on a mix of family, collective, cooperative and enterprise operations. Land-contracting rights will be protected. Farmers are allowed to become shareholders in the agriculture-industrialization via their land-contracting rights. Private capital is encouraged to invest in a modern planting and breeding industry, and for introducing modern production and management methods.
21. 赋予农民更多财产权利。积极发展农民股份合作，赋予农民对集体资产股份占有、收益、有偿退出及抵押、担保、继承权。改革完善农村宅基地制度，保障农户宅基地用益物权，选择若干试点，探索农民增加收入渠道。建立农村产权流转交易市场。
21. Farmers will be given more property rights. They are encouraged to develop a shareholding system from which they can realize benefits. Meanwhile, they can also sell a share or take it as collateral or warranty. They also have the right of succession. Moreover, the homestead system in rural areas will be improved, and farmers' usufruct rights of homestead will be ensured. A pilot program will be carried out in some areas to discover other channels for improving farmers' income. A rural property-rights trading market will be established.
22. 推进城乡要素平等交换和公共资源均衡配置。保障农民工同工同酬，保障农民公平分享土地增值收益，保障金融机构农村存款主要用于农业农村。改革农业补贴制度，完善农业保险制度。鼓励社会资本投向农村建设。
22. A more balanced allocation of public resources between urban and rural areas will be promoted. Migrant workers should get the same pay for the same job. Farmers should receive a fair share of the profits from land-value appreciation. Deposits in rural financial institutions should be mainly used to finance the development of agriculture and rural areas. The agricultural subsidiary system and insurance system will be improved. Social-capital investment is encouraged for construction in rural areas.
23. 完善城镇化健康发展体制机制。推进以人为核心的城镇化。加快户籍制度改革，推进农业转移人口市民化。全面放开建制镇和小城市落户限制，有序放开中等城市落户限制。合理确定大城市落户条件，严格控制特大城市人口规模。稳步推进城镇基本公共服务常住人口全覆盖，把进城落户农民完全纳入城镇住房和社会保障体系。
23. Build a healthy urbanization that puts people at the center. Reform of the hukou (or household registration) system will be accelerated to help farmers become urban residents. The country will relax overall control of farmers settling in towns and small cities, and relax restrictions on settling in medium-sized cities in an orderly manner. China should set reasonable requirements for rural residents to obtain hukou in large cities, and strictly control the size of population in megacities. Efforts should be made to make basic urban public services available to all permanent residents in cities, including all rural residents. This includes the affordable-housing system and the social security network.
七、构建开放型经济新体制
VII—Further opening-up
公司主页：www.go-tone.net
|
